.desktop files are a Linux/Unix thing. Basically, it’s a fancy shortcut, usually to an application, which allows specifying additional infos, like e.g. translated names.
In particular, the contents of the application menu are defined by just a folder filled with .desktop files.
Nothing unless you want to serve them without some other way to see what file type they are.
You can run bash scripts with bash.
Don’t know what a desktop file is.
HTML has that because webservers used to not have auto media type detection and response headers.
.desktop files are a Linux/Unix thing. Basically, it’s a fancy shortcut, usually to an application, which allows specifying additional infos, like e.g. translated names.
In particular, the contents of the application menu are defined by just a folder filled with .desktop files.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortcut_(computing)#Unix